Direct-Mode Glucose Fuel Cells with Near-Neutral-State Electrolytes: Anode Electrode Studies with Different Catalysts and Electrolytes

ABSTRACT

In the present study, a direct-mode glucose fuel cell with a neutral-state and near-neutral-state aqueous electrolytes is studied. The near-neutral state electrolytes are important for two reasons. Firstly, the pH of the electrolytes would be near the pH of liquid in living cells. Secondly, the neutral electrolyte would enable good corrosion resistance of catalyst materials. Three different catalyst materials, i.e. Pt-Pd, Raney-Ni and Ni-porphyrin complex, are tested in an anode half-cell configuration with one neutral-state (battery water) and with two near-neutral-state aqueous electrolytes, i.e. modified Krebs-Ringer (K-R) and phosphate, both buffered to a pH value of 7.4. Pt-Pd catalyst in the aqueous K-R electrolyte maintains the negative voltage of the anode half cell with higher current densities that the nickel catalysts do. To estimate the operation of the direct-mode glucose fuel cell, the K-R electrolyte from the anode half-cell tests is tested also in the cathode half-cell with combined catalyst of cobalt porphyrin complex and of spinel. The open circuit voltages and polarisation curves are measured. Also, preliminary results and oxidation degrees of glucose in the tests are shown. Based on our half cell measurements, there are high development demands for the electro-catalysts, which could work efficiently in the near-neutral-state electrolytes.

Keywords:

Anode and cathode half-cells, neutral-state and near-neutral-state electrolytes, direct-mode glucose fuel cell.