The Ergonomics Open Journal

2016, 9 : 15-26
Published online 2016 October 31. DOI: 10.2174/1875934301609010015
Publisher ID: TOERGJ-9-15

REVIEW ARTICLE
 Long Working Hours and Shift Work as Risk Factors for Occupational Injury

Simo Salminen, *

* Address correspondence to this author at the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, ; Tel: +358 400 700 352; Fax: +358 30 4747070; E-mail: simo.salminen@pp.inet.fi

ABSTRACT

The aim of this review is to examine the effect of extended working hours and shift work on occupational injuries. A calculation based on five studies shows that the risk of occupational injury during afternoon shifts was 6% lower than that during morning shifts. The same kind of calculation showed that the risk of occupational injury during night shifts was 15% lower than during morning shifts. A review of twelve studies showed that the risk of occupational injury was 15% higher for 10-hour working days compared to 8-hour working days. On the other hand, working 12-hour days increased the risk of occupational injury by 38%. When working more than 12 hours per day, four studies showed a 147% increase in involvement in occupational injury. The results of this review showed that shift work considerably increased the risk of occupational injury in the USA, but not in India and Singapore. Extended working hours was related to elevated risk of occupational injury. Thus shift work and long work hours did not suit for all employees.

Keyword:

Long working hours, Occupational accidents, Review, Shift work.