State of Art on Bioimaging by Nanoparticles in Hyperthermia and Thermometry: Visualization of Tissue Protein Targeting

ABSTRACT

Heating tumors by nanoparticles and resistance in tumor cells to a high temperature is emerging as an effective tool as nanomedicine tool in cancer therapy. The art of thermal mapping in a tumor at various locations is emerging as the selective approach of hyperthermia to monitor temperature and treat the tumor. However, thermometry and tumor cell interaction with nanoparticles may monitor and evaluate the tumor cell survival after exposure to high physiological temperatures but show cytotoxicity. The design and application of 10-100 nano meter sized nanoparticles in tumor hyperthermia has emerged as an effective technology in hyperthermia imaging and treatment. The temperature and nanoparticle magnetic moment relationship is specific. Furthermore, there are two main issues that are unsolved as of yet. First issue is the relationship of tumor energy changes due to tumor magnetization by different nanoparticles. The second issue is the heat transfer behavior of the nanoparticle inside the tumor combined with hyperthermia and efficacy of combined modality on the tumor tissue temperature rise. In present study, we highlight that in vivo imaging such as MR thermometry, photoacuastic mapping of different tumor locations solve these issues to some extent. The art of combined use of hyperthermia by nanoparticles with hypoxia sensitive nitroimidazole radiosensitizers with chemotherapeutic drugs is highlighted to have a great impact on public health as alternative therapeutic oncology and monitoring therapy.