A Validated HPLC Method for the Determination of Vitamin K in Human Serum – First Application in a Pharmacological Study

ABSTRACT

Dietary phylloquinone (vitamin K1) is considered to be a major determinant of human vitamin K status. For this reason, measurements of plasma vitamin K concentrations provide a useful tool of vitamin K status in man. There is a growing interest in the role, biochemical function, and metabolism of vitamin K in vivo.

A modified reversed phase-HPLC method with fluorescence detection after post-column zinc reduction in serum samples was validated for vitamin K analysis. Two human volunteers were investigated after p.o. and i.v. administration of 2 mg Konakion® MM. Blood samples were collected periodically after administration and subjected to pharmacokinetic evaluation. High sensitivity, analytical recoveries, accuracy and calibration curves linearities could be reached. Our results showed an overall coefficient of variation of less than 10% for the intra- and interday reproducibility, while the recovery ranged from 91% to 114 %. The limit of detection and quantification were 0.015 ng mL-1 and 0.15 ng mL-1, respectively. Long-term stability was verified over a period of six months. The accuracy was proven by good results from external quality assurance. The observed pharmacokinetic differences indicate significant intra- and inter-individual variance of vitamin K fate in the human body.

This highly accurate, robust and reliable method is appropriate for the evaluation of vitamin K status in human serum. The ability to determine vitamin K has the potential to improve pharmacokinetic studies.